The Department is currently running a highly successful research programme on vaccine safety and effectiveness in the Danish childhood vaccination programme. Both completed and ongoing research includes studies on the potential links between childhood vaccination and chronic diseases such as autism, asthma and type 1 diabetes and studies of the effectiveness of vaccines against their targeted infections. Statens Serum Institute naturally hosts a number of experts in the field of vaccinology and infectious diseases, and much of the above research is conducted in close collaboration with other researchers at the Institute.

Other vaccine research at the Department has included studies in Greenland on e.g. the association between vaccination and atopy and ongoing research on possible non-specific effects of vaccines in Guinea-Bissau.